关于病毒的英文文章及翻译，关于病毒营销 英文资料及相应翻译_kaiyun.com

关于病毒营销 英文资料及适当翻译成viral marketing (病毒营销？）How to Catch on to Viral Marketing？2007年09月13日 星期四 09:08在英特网上，病毒营销所指的是造成网站或者用户传送营销信息给别的网站或者用户的任何营销技术，导致消息的能见度和效果有可能指数级的快速增长。一个顺利的病毒营 售的例子是Hotmail，微软公司旗下的一个公司，推展它的服务并把它的广告商的信息所附在每个电子邮件信息里。有些营销人员不太原意用病毒营销这个词。

在 John Audette的风行邮件时事通信里，他让他的读者对该用什么样的名字给他们获取一个建议，还包括现在用的这个。这些建议还包括：雪崩营销蜂鸣营销级联型营销 离心式营销等等FROM：http://www.cnpaf.net/Class/v/0510261227008249459.htm－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－How to Catch on to Viral MarketingViral marketing has quickly achieved recognition because of a handful of high-profile examples: Marketers demonstrated that on shoestring budgets they could motivate millions. They did so by leveraging customer-to-customer communication to increase sales, brand awareness, and market coverage. To date, however, marketers have had difficulty reproducing the success of a handful of viral campaigns, such as "The Blair Witch Project," HotMail, and the "Dancing Baby." Although most e-businesses are planning to launch, or have already attempted launching, viral marketing campaigns, there are two obstacles to integrating viral marketing with the overall sales and marketing mix: Viral marketing is perceived as an art rather than a science.Marketers have a hard time identifying triggers that motivate customers to pass along marketing messages to friends or colleagues. After comprehensive studies on the impact of viral marketing, we at IMT Strategies found that for most marketers the strategy is hazily defined but entails manipulating customer-to-customer interaction with marketing gimmickry in an attempt to achieve an exponentially growing user base. Many marketers also believe that if consumers do not respond to clever marketing tactics, then cash and prize offerings will provide enough incentive for consumers to spread the marketing message. Discipline and Loss of Control However, we also found that the cost of overnight market coverage is a near total loss of control over the company's marketing message and brand as eager consumers indiscriminately spam. Marketers perceive viral marketing as an art because it does not allow for a high level of control. Monetary incentives are viewed as necessary because they offer what seems to be the quickest and most understandable way for marketers to gain that control in the customer-to-customer communication chain. "Paid" viral marketing, however, can be a dangerous solution. Rather than introducing the desired control, monetary incentives lead only to predictable increases in market coverage and an equally predictable loss of control. All viral marketing initiatives share the goal of turning customers into a sales and marketing channel. Efforts to use the customer as a new channel also introduce a fundamental tradeoff between growing market coverage and maintaining control over the marketing message. Viral marketing initiatives differ, however, in the degree of discipline involved in strategic planning and in the triggers they use to motivate consumers to function as a sales- and lead-generation channel: Disciplined analysis and planning ensures that viral marketing is an iterative science rather than a haphazard creative art.Reliance on triggers that are developed through market research and advanced analytics, rather than reliance on cash incentives, ensures that customers function as advocates rather than as "delegated spammers." The Right Perspective The two most common mistakes viral marketers make are focusing on formalizing the message rather than the process and adopting a campaign-level, rather than an enterprise-level, perspective. A campaign-level perspective might focus on relatively unpredictable qualities, such as the public's perception of a service, product, or marketing message as "cool." But an enterprise-level perspective on viral marketing is informed by quantifiable and thus predictable aspects of the sales cycle. An enterprise-level viral marketing campaign relies on research data detailing frequently asked customer questions, complaints, and responses to follow-ups. It also identifies and helps develop high-advocacy customers, who can then be independently targeted with referral opportunities. Similarly, an enterprise perspective gathers and utilizes data about sources of referral. Triggers, Segmentation, and Hardwired Viral Capabilities The vast majority of marketers are planning to launch a viral marketing campaign in the next 12 months. To do so successfully, they must scientifically identify triggers that encourage customer-to-customer advocacy and segment existing customers who are receptive to viral marketing and understand the structure of incentive packages. Success, ultimately, is in the hands of the marketer, who must encourage customers to connect with each other with the intent of advocating products and services. Moreover, the online marketing environment must hardwire viral capabilities into its engine. Web sites must be equipped with tools that allow users who have just read an article or purchased a product to either post their opinions of the experience or forward related information to their network of friends and colleagues. Other tools that would build viral marketing capabilities into an online marketing engine include gift registries, gift certificates, community bulletin boards, community chat rooms, and Amazon.com-type affiliate marketing programs. Online self-service channels can also be equipped with resources such as product comparison tools to support the customer-as-sales-channel undertaking. It Must Be a Process As the volume of permission email and unsolicited email increases, viral marketing will become more important. This is because online buyers will, over time, expand their network and come to rely more on their peers to learn about and recommend new products or services. Viral marketing must therefore become less an episodic event and more a process and cycle. Managing customer-to-customer interactions requires setting in place and formalizing processes that guide customer advocates' communications. The benefit of viral marketing grows from the close alignment of customer communication and buying behavior. Tapping into this benefit requires understanding the new role of the customer as a sales channel and focusing on the marketing process more than the marketing message. As tools for tracking and analyzing online customer response and behavior grow increasingly sophisticated, marketers will realize higher levels of control over the customer sales channel. And more marketing and PR agencies will develop an expertise in enabling viral marketing strategies over the next 6-12 months. In constructing an online marketing strategy, sales and marketing executives must consider viral marketing an integral element of their overall strategy.WRITER：http://www.clickz.com/showPage.html?page=837321Stephen Diorio Stephen Diorio is President of IMT Strategies, which he founded in 1998. He is an established authority in sales and marketing strategy with specific expertise in hybrid selling systems, customer relationship management (CRM), and e-business strategy development. He has developed high-growth, low-cost channel strategies for leading marketers including IBM, American Express, GE, and Eastman Chemical and has published "CRM 2000: A Demand Side Perspective on Relationship Marketing." Prior to forming IMT Strategies, Steve was a partner at Oxford Associates, a leading "go to market" and e-commerce strategy firm. Steve has held marketing management positions at Citicorp Direct Marketing and GE Sales and Marketing. He holds an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago and an engineering degree from Bucknell University.－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－Viral Marketing Campaigns Drive Targeted TrafficViral marketing is a great way to use the power and nature of the Internet to reach a large number of people quickly and drive a continually growing flood of targeted web traffic to your website. With a successful viral marketing campaign, your website traffic could go from almost nothing to thousands of hits or even hundreds of thousands of hits per day almost overnight.Viral marketing is a term used for marketing campaigns that grow and spread like a human or computer virus. In a successful viral campaign, people pass the marketing material on socially so that the marketing campaign grows like a snowball rolling down hill.The basic idea of viral marketing is that you can increase your sales by increasing your targeted website traffic and you can increase your targeted web traffic by giving away or spreading something for free that people will pass on to their friends, family, or business associates like a virus.Viral campaigns may spread through emails or eBooks that people pass on or through articles or viral videos that people pass on.Microsoft's Hotmail service was probably one of the biggest early successes of viral marketing. Free web-based email is common today, but it was a new concept in 1996 when Microsoft first promoted Hotmail by adding a short advertising teaser at the end of its users' email messages. Who would have ever expected how big the results of this marketing campaign could be?But as huge as the success of Microsoft's viral marketing campaign was for Hotmail, it only set the stage for what was to come during the 2004 American presidential campaign. Who can forget JibJab's flash animation political parody of George Bush and John Kerry singing, "This Land Is Your Land?"By marrying the concept of flash video on the Web to viral marketing, JibJab took the Internet by storm. According to Internet statistician ComScore Media Metrix, the viral video received over 10.4 million unique hits in July 2004 - more than three times as many visitors as the official campaign websites of the two presidential candidates!Now you may never experience the phenomenal success that JibJab did with one of your viral marketing campaigns, but the concept is simple and easily implemented. It works on the idea that if people like something or can profit from something, they will pass it on to their friends, family, and associates.Viral marketing can be as simple as writing an article and having it published in article directories where newsletter publishers and webmasters may pick it up and republish it. Be sure to include an author bio or resource box at the bottom of every article that includes your name, your website link, and a call to action that entices people to click on your link. Webmasters and publishers are always looking for great content, so be sure to provide value.Alternatively, you could send a funny, informative, or controversial newsletter to your subscriber list. Be sure to encourage people to pass your newsletter on with a short note at the bottom of your newsletter.When people click through to your website, you would like to capture their email address and get their permission to contact them. Otherwise, they will often surf away, never to be seen again on your website.Squeeze pages (pages primarily designed to get subscribers) are one proven way to do this, and offering people a free eBook or free report is a great way to get people to subscribe to your newsletter.Want to kick your viral marketing campaign into even higher gear? Grant people the rights to give away the free eBook or report to their own customers or contacts. Be sure to brand the eBook or report with links to your website, so that anyone who receives it from others will find their way back to your website. Also, if you let your customers rebrand some of the links with their affiliate links or other links, they will really be motivated to pass the eBook or report on!The Internet is perfect for viral marketing. This is one of the most powerful marketing techniques you can use on the Internet. Because many distribution channels are free (e.g., email and article directories) or relatively low cost (web hosting), viral marketing can be an incredibly cost-effective marketing technique. Once you have launched your marketing campaign, it can potentially grow and spread for years all by itself, making viral marketing possibly the most effective Internet marketing technique of all. 就这么多了期望能帮到你欲一篇关于计算机病毒的英文文章，要带上翻译成，要长一点，无法是翻译成硬关于计算机病毒的英文文献和翻译成 - 道客巴巴靠近病毒珍惜生命的英语作文200词有翻译成古语有云：“万恶毒派”。我们身兼祖国的花朵有责任担负起拒绝接受毒品的重任。

毒品能麻醉人体的神经中枢系统，大量大麻不会造成丧生。那么毒品对我们来说，既熟知又陌生。

熟知的是经过多方面的宣传，我们对毒品有了一定程度的了解；陌生的是没尝试过毒品的滋味。不俗，正是因为这一种好奇心，不少人沦为了如恶魔般的毒品的奴隶。作为祖国未来栋梁的我们，不但要靠近毒品，而且拒绝接受它。

As the saying goes: "the evil poison led". We are the flowers of the motherland are heavy responsibility bear to reject drugs. Anesthesia drugs to the central nervous system of the human body, a lot of smoking will lead to death. So drugs for us, both familiar and strange. Familiar with is through the various aspects of publicity, we have a certain degree of understanding of the drug; strange is not tried drugs. Well, it is because of this kind of curiosity, many people become a devilish drug slaves. As the future pillars of our country, not only to stay away from drugs, but also rejected it.病毒英文如何翻译成virusn.n.[微]病毒, 滤过性微生物, 毒害, 恶毒病毒能无法展开mRNA和翻译成病毒基因的mRNA倚赖宿主的细胞，单个的病毒无法展开还包括mRNA，翻译成在内的一切活动。抵抗病毒英语在线翻译抵抗病毒Resistance virus第一波微细胞中所含一种能诱导一个最重要的抵抗病毒的基因的药物。The first wave contained an agent that suppressed an important gene for toxin resistance.大神们问一下这是什么原因啊，不定点的经常出现，跟病毒似的，仅有是英文，翻译成也翻译成不出来这是印度尼西亚语，图片上方文字译为为“当我丧失你的时候，整个世界都一起老大我寻找你”。显然宽害怕，应当是病毒吧，杀毒软件还有用吗？系统重装？病毒可以通过各种渠道入侵你的电脑，老大我翻译成英文。

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